Science
Desiccation Cracks and their Patterns
Author: Lucas Goehring
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9783527671946
Category: Science
Page: 368
View: 980
Bringing together basic ideas, classical theories, recent experimental and theoretical aspects, this book explains desiccation cracks from simple, easily-comprehensible cases to more complex, applied situations. The ideal team of authors, combining experimental and theoretical backgrounds, and with experience in both physical and earth sciences, discuss how the study of cracks can lead to the design of crack-resistant materials, as well as how cracks can be grown to generate patterned surfaces at the nano- and micro-scales. Important research and recent developments on tailoring desiccation cracks by different methods are covered, supported by straightforward, yet deep theoretical models. Intended for a broad readership spanning physics, materials science, and engineering to the geosciences, the book also includes additional reading especially for students engaged in pattern formation research.The Dynamics of Crack Patterns in Soil Induced by Desiccation
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: OCLC:671470861
Category:
Page:
View: 104
Many soil types develop cracks due to desiccation. The resulting crack patterns were simulated with the help of a network of springs, representing the breaking material. A spring breaks if the tensile stress on it exceeds a threshold. Based on existing models in the literature a numerical model was developed. It was used to study the time evolution of cracking and to investigate the nal crack pattern. It came out, that the model repro- duces some phenomena which can be observed in natural crack patterns (90 degree angles of intersections, dynamics of emerging cracks). Two parameters of the model - the disorder in the distribution of stress thresholds for the individual springs and a slipping threshold (resembling friction) - were varied and their impact on the crack pattern was studied. It was found that friction induces a characteristic scale. Varying disorder, a continuous transition from loop-like closed cracks (loops) to a system of not interconnected cracks was observed. The number of loops in the topology of the crack pattern, was introduced as an order parameter. Besides the theoretical part, an experiment was carried out. A bentonite-sand-water mixture was prepared as a layer on a glass plate and dried at room temperature. As a result of drying crack patterns developed. These were recorded by a digital camera. Binary pictures were obtained and the number of loops in the crack patterns of the completely dried mixtures counted. Varying the mass ratio of bentonite to sand a similar transition sas in the model was observed.
Science
Drying of Complex Fluid Drops
Author: David Brutin
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 9781839161209
Category: Science
Page: 262
View: 791
Coffee rings, paint drying, blood splatter are all examples of complex fluids drying. Understanding the phenomena of complex fluid drops with respect to drying is important for technology and a lot of research in academia and industry is poured into this topic. This book addresses this industrially important area and provides a thorough grounding to the field. Addressing the fundamental underpinnings of wetting, spreading and drying, the book then takes the reader through key applications grouped into themes, including colloidal droplets (used in printing) and biological (e.g. bloodstain analysis for forensics). With a section on modelling and simulation to balance experiment with computational tools, this book will appeal to anyone working in complex fluids across classical fluid mechanics, soft matter, and chemical, biological and mechanical engineering
Technology & Engineering
Unsaturated Soils for Asia
Author: H. Raharjdo
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781000100365
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 872
View: 803
This is a collection of articles from the Asian conference UNSAT-ASIA 2000, covering topics such as: historical developments; numerical modelling; suction measurement techniques; permeability and flow; mass transport; and engineering applications.
Science
Dinosaur Tracks
Author: Annette Richter
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 9780253021144
Category: Science
Page: 409
View: 828
This look at the field of ichnology is “an excellent compendium and a timely piece on a rapidly expanding and changing area of research” (Quarterly Review of Biology). The latest advances in dinosaur ichnology are showcased in this comprehensive and timely volume, in which leading researchers and research groups cover the most essential topics in the study of dinosaur tracks. Some assess and demonstrate state-of-the-art approaches and techniques, such as experimental ichnology, photogrammetry, biplanar X-rays, and a numerical scale for quantifying the quality of track preservation. The high diversity of these up-to-date studies underlines that dinosaur ichnological research is a vibrant field, that important discoveries are continuously made, and that new methods are being developed, applied, and refined. This indispensable volume unequivocally demonstrates that ichnology has an important contribution to make toward a better understanding of dinosaur paleobiology. Tracks and trackways are one of the best sources of evidence to understand and reconstruct the daily life of dinosaurs. They are windows on past lives, dynamic structures produced by living, breathing, moving animals now long extinct, and they are every bit as exciting and captivating as the skeletons of their makers. Includes photos and illustrations
Polygons
Experimental Research on Desiccation Cracks in Soil
Author: Arturo E. Corte
Publisher:
ISBN: OCLC:227372087
Category: Polygons
Page: 76
View: 522
The final report on model studies of patterned ground deals with a theory proposed for crack formation by soil desiccation. Experimental procedures and results are described in reproducing desiccation cracks under controlled conditions for soil with and without stones. The crack pattern and number of cell sides are more dependent on thickness of the soil sample and the bottom container material than temperature or humidity and show a cell area of log normal size distribution. Cracking was found to begin from the center and extend to the surface or bottom with non-uniform speed. The shape, size, porosity, and depth of scattered stones affect the initiation of cracks but do not relate to geometry and mean area of cells. Soil 'habituation' to crack in the same manner is promoted by complete soil soaking and stone admixing. Surface stones affect 'habituation' differently. Sorting of particles into desiccation cracks requires 'habituation.' This is accomplished if the soil is soaked and dried repeatedly under wind and rain without vegetation. Areas above the timber line in cold environments have the proper conditions for sorting into desiccation cracks. The unusual phenomena called 'wetting cracks, ' produced during wetting, and sorting into wetting cracks are mentioned. Factors which promote or hinder sorting into desiccation cracks are indicated. (Author).
Technology & Engineering
Expansive Soils
Author: Amer Ali Al-Rawas
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780203968079
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 540
View: 360
Expansive Soils provides the reader with easy and specific access to problems associated with expansive soils, characterisitics and treatment, and evaluation and remediation. Set up with contributions from worlwide expert, this main reference guide is intended for engineers, researchers and senior students working on soil
Technology & Engineering
Unsaturated Soils: Research & Applications
Author: Nasser Khalili
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781315749587
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 1872
View: 380
Unsaturated Soils: Research and Applications contains 247 papers presented at 6th International Conference on Unsaturated Soils (UNSAT2014, Sydney, Australia, 2-4 July 2014). The two volumes provide an overview of recent experimental and theoretical advances in a wide variety of topics related to unsaturated soil mechanics:- Unsaturated Soil Behavi
Science
Mathematical Analysis of Continuum Mechanics and Industrial Applications II
Author: Patrick van Meurs
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789811062834
Category: Science
Page: 193
View: 345
As the sequel to the proceedings of the International Conference of Continuum Mechanics Focusing on Singularities (CoMFoS15), the proceedings of CoMFoS16 present further advances and new topics in mathematical theory and numerical simulations related to various aspects of continuum mechanics. These include fracture mechanics, shape optimization, modeling of earthquakes, material structure, interface dynamics and complex systems.. The authors are leading researchers with a profound knowledge of mathematical analysis from the fields of applied mathematics, physics, seismology, engineering, and industry. The book helps readers to understand how mathematical theory can be applied to various industrial problems, and conversely, how industrial problems lead to new mathematical challenges.
Science
Fracture, Fatigue, Failure, and Damage Evolution, Volume 5
Author: Jay Carroll
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319069777
Category: Science
Page: 252
View: 382
Fracture, Fatigue, Failure and Damage Evolution, Volume 5: Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, the fifth volume of eight from the Conference, brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on a wide range of areas, including: Mixed Mode Fracture I: Emphasis on Modeling Mixed Mode Fracture II: Emphasis on Experimental Measurements Full-Field Measurements of Fracture Microscale & Microstructural Effects on Mechanical Behavior I: Nanoscale Effects Microscale & Microstructural Effects on Mechanical Behavior II: MEMS Microscale & Microstructural Effects on Mechanical Behavior III: Microstructure Microscale & Microstructural Effects on Mechanical Behavior IV: Shape Memory Alloys Fracture & Fatigue of Composites Fracture & Fatigue for Engineering Applications Wave-Based Techniques in Fracture & Fatigue I Wave-Based Techniques in Fracture & Fatigue II: Acoustic Emissions
Science
Proceedings of the 7th Indian Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference
Author: Ashim Kanti Dey
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9789811664564
Category: Science
Page: 529
View: 178
This book comprises the select peer-reviewed papers presented at the 7th Indian Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference (7IYGEC 2019) held at the National Institute of Technology, Silchar. It covers recent research developments in geotechnical engineering particularly in the fields of shallow and deep foundations, rock mechanics, ground improvement techniques, geotechnical earthquake engineering, and characterization of soil. The book also discusses several computational techniques to model behavior of soil which can be useful for future research. A special emphasis is given on geo-environmental engineering for making the world cleaner and safer to live. Given the contents, the book will be beneficial for students, researchers, and professionals working in geotechnical engineering and allied areas.
Geochemistry
Hydrologic Basin, Death Valley, California
Author: Geological Survey (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN: UCR:31210020750111
Category: Geochemistry
Page: 158
View: 695
A description of the hydrology, geochemistry, and patterned ground of the saltpan.